Cancer - A Comprehensive Review

Abstract Definition of Cancer The Placement of Cancer in Causes of Death Deaths by Type of Cancer History of Cancer Stem Cells Cancer Stem Cell CSC Formation How Do Cancer Stem Cells Occur? EMT Matrix Metalloproteinases Metalloproteinase tissue inhibitors (TIMP) Microenvironment 1. Inflammatory Environment 2. Hypoxic Environment (Lack of Oxygen) 3. Acidosis (Acidic Environment) 4. Exosomes Metastasis, Invasion and Angiogenesis Angiogenesis Invasion Current Cancer Treatments Radiotherapy Chemotherapy Stem Cell Therapy Hormonal Treatments Surgical Methods Biological Treatments: Immunotherapy, Cancer Vaccines, Cancer Growth Inhibitors, Gene Therapy Adoptive Immunotherapy Immune System Supportive Treatments Cytokines Antibody Treatments Monoclonal Antibodies (mAb) and Their Mechanism of Action Cetuximab and Panitumumab Trastuzumab (Herceptin) Rituximab and Similar Alemtuzumab Bevacizumab Cancer Vaccines Cancer Growth Inhibitors Gene Therapy Other Treatment Methods References